Israel is a very Westernized country, therefore, it wouldn't be hard for you to go around and fit in. Aside from Hebrew and Arabic languages, English is also commonly used in signs and conversations since it is used and taught in schools.
It is a very accommodating country to travel to because there are not too much unusual etiquettes except for some religion-related practices. When planning to stay for a while in Israel or anticipating dealing with people, you should only be aware of the common practices of the people. Most of these practices, if not all, are rooted to Judaism.
There are many individuals, especially within the city, who do not follow the kosher (certain rules sanctioned by Judaism about food and its preparation). However, unless the person tells you so or doesn't make it so obvious, just assume that he/she keeps kosher. It will be helpful for you to know some kosher rules so that you do not upset others or embarrass yourself in the table. Some of the kosher rules are:
a. Some animals and sea foods like pigs, badgers, lobsters, crabs, clams, and shrimps are not permitted.
b. Meat should totally be eaten separately from milk and any dairy products. You can't even eat meat then eat dairy products after a while, nor use one spoon for both meat and milk.
c. Fruits and vegetables are all kosher foods unless they got bugs in them.
Another important thing to bear in mind is the dress code. When casually taking a tour around the city, just wear any clothes you are comfortable with. Just be extra conservative when going into synagogues by keeping your legs and arms covered.
Greet people and say goodbye with a handshake. However, religious people wouldn't allow men to have a handshake with the women, not even touching them in the smallest ways.